What is a Case? Exploring Its Legal Definition and Impact

Definition & Meaning

Case law refers to the body of law that is established by the outcomes of previous court decisions. This type of law evolves over time through judicial rulings and is often based on precedents set in earlier cases. Unlike statutes, which are written laws passed by legislative bodies, case law is developed by judges when they resolve individual disputes. It is also known as common law in many jurisdictions, except in places like Louisiana, which follows a civil law system based on the Napoleonic Code. Case law is dynamic and can change as new rulings are made.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: In a personal injury case, a judge may rely on previous rulings regarding negligence to determine liability. This decision will then contribute to the body of case law on negligence.

Example 2: In a family law context, a court may look at past custody decisions to guide its ruling on a current custody dispute. (hypothetical example)

State-by-state differences

State Common Law Adoption
California Adopts common law with modifications through statutes.
New York Follows common law principles, with many statutes enacted.
Louisiana Based on civil law, not common law.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Statutory Law Laws enacted by legislative bodies. Statutory law is written, while case law is developed through court decisions.
Common Law Law derived from judicial decisions. Common law is a type of case law, specifically in jurisdictions that follow this system.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you find yourself dealing with an issue related to case law, consider the following steps:

  • Research relevant case law that may impact your situation.
  • Utilize legal templates from US Legal Forms to help you draft necessary documents.
  • If your case is complex, consult a legal professional for tailored advice.

Quick facts

  • Type: Common law
  • Jurisdiction: Varies by state
  • Dynamic: Yes, subject to change
  • Application: Civil, criminal, family law

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

Case law is developed through judicial decisions, while statutory law is created by legislative bodies.