What Does Splitting A Claim Mean in Legal Terms?

Definition & Meaning

Splitting a claim refers to the practice of dividing a single legal claim or cause of action into multiple parts and pursuing them as separate lawsuits. This can occur in the same court or in different jurisdictions. Generally, the law discourages splitting claims to prevent harassment of defendants through repeated legal actions. However, there are exceptions, such as when both parties agree to the split. Under the "entire controversy" doctrine, if a party chooses not to raise a related aspect of the claim initially, they may be barred from doing so in later proceedings.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A person involved in a car accident may have separate claims for property damage and personal injuries. If they choose to file these as two separate lawsuits, they are splitting the claim.

Example 2: (hypothetical example) A contractor may have a claim for breach of contract and a separate claim for damages due to delays. If they file these claims separately, they are splitting the claim.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Rules on Splitting Claims
California Generally allows splitting claims unless it violates the entire controversy doctrine.
New York Prohibits splitting claims that arise from the same transaction or occurrence.
Texas Allows splitting claims if both parties consent, but may limit recovery in separate actions.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition
Consolidation of Claims Combining multiple claims into a single lawsuit, unlike splitting where claims are filed separately.
Claim Preclusion A legal doctrine preventing a party from relitigating a claim that has already been judged.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are considering splitting a claim, it's crucial to evaluate whether it is legally permissible in your situation. Consult with a legal professional to understand the implications and ensure compliance with relevant laws. Additionally, you can explore US Legal Forms for templates that may help you manage the claims process effectively.

Quick facts

  • Splitting claims can lead to legal complications.
  • Consent from both parties may allow for splitting.
  • State laws vary on the permissibility of splitting claims.
  • Failure to raise all parts of a claim may bar future claims.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

You may face legal challenges, including the risk of having one or more claims dismissed if they are deemed related.