What is Single Transferable Vote? A Comprehensive Legal Overview

Definition & meaning

The single transferable vote (STV) is a voting system designed for elections in multi-member constituencies. It allows voters to rank candidates in order of preference, which helps reduce wasted votes and ensures that votes are cast for individual candidates rather than political parties. When using STV, voters can express their preferences for as many candidates as they wish. Candidates are elected once they achieve a specified quota of votes. If there are not enough candidates meeting this quota, the surplus votes from elected candidates and the votes of those with the fewest votes are redistributed to other candidates based on voter preferences.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

In a local election using the single transferable vote, a voter might rank their preferred candidates as follows:

  • 1st choice: Candidate A
  • 2nd choice: Candidate B
  • 3rd choice: Candidate C

If Candidate A receives enough votes to meet the quota, their surplus votes will be allocated to Candidates B and C based on the preferences indicated by the voters.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Use of STV
California Used in local elections, such as city council elections.
Maine Utilized for state and federal elections.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Difference
First-past-the-post A voting system where the candidate with the most votes wins. STV allows for ranked preferences and minimizes wasted votes.
Alternative vote A voting system where voters rank candidates, but only one candidate is elected per constituency. STV is for multi-member constituencies, while alternative vote is for single-member districts.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are participating in an election that uses the single transferable vote, familiarize yourself with the candidates and their positions. Consider using US Legal Forms to access templates that can guide you in understanding the voting process. If you have questions about the election or your voting rights, consider seeking professional legal assistance.

Quick facts

  • Voting system: Preference-based voting
  • Application: Multi-member constituencies
  • Reduces wasted votes: Yes
  • Quota determination: Varies by jurisdiction

Key takeaways

FAQs

It allows voters to express their preferences more fully, leading to better representation.