W-9: A Comprehensive Guide to Its Legal Definition and Use

Definition & Meaning

A Form W-9 is an official document from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) used primarily to gather information from independent contractors. This form serves two main purposes:

  • It allows third parties to report payments made to contractors to the IRS.
  • It helps contractors avoid backup withholding on their earnings.

The W-9 form requires essential details such as the contractor's name, address, and either their Social Security number or taxpayer identification number. Only U.S. citizens and resident aliens can use this form.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Here are two examples of when a W-9 form might be used:

  • A freelance graphic designer provides a W-9 to a company that hires them for a project, allowing the company to report their payments to the IRS.
  • A consultant submits a W-9 to a client to ensure they are not subject to backup withholding on their earnings. (hypothetical example)

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
W-9 Form used to provide taxpayer information to avoid backup withholding. Specifically for independent contractors and reporting payments.
W-2 Form used by employers to report wages paid to employees. Used for employees, not independent contractors.
1099-MISC Form used to report miscellaneous income paid to non-employees. Reports income but does not collect taxpayer information.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are an independent contractor, follow these steps:

  • Complete the W-9 form accurately with your information.
  • Provide the completed form to the businesses or clients that will pay you.
  • Keep a copy for your records.

You can find ready-to-use W-9 templates on US Legal Forms, which can simplify the process. If you have complex tax situations, consider consulting a tax professional.

Quick facts

Attribute Details
Who uses it? Independent contractors and businesses hiring them.
Purpose To report payments and avoid backup withholding.
Required information Name, address, Social Security number or taxpayer ID.
Eligibility U.S. citizens and resident aliens only.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

The W-9 form is used to provide taxpayer information to businesses so they can report payments to the IRS.