Ultra Vires: What It Means and Its Impact on Corporate Authority

Definition & Meaning

Ultra vires is a legal term derived from Latin, meaning "beyond powers." It refers to actions taken by a corporation or its officers that exceed the authority granted to them by law or the corporation's charter. When a corporation acts ultra vires, those actions may be deemed invalid or unenforceable. This term is often relevant in corporate law, particularly when assessing the legitimacy of corporate actions and the responsibilities of corporate officers.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Here are a couple of examples illustrating ultra vires actions:

  • A corporation enters into a contract to operate a business that is not permitted under its charter. This contract could be challenged as ultra vires.
  • A corporate officer makes a significant financial decision without the approval of the board of directors, exceeding their authority (hypothetical example).

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Key Differences
Delaware Allows broader corporate powers; ultra vires defenses are limited.
California More stringent requirements for corporate actions; ultra vires can be challenged more easily.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Difference
Acting under color of law Actions taken under the appearance of legal authority. Refers to authorized actions, while ultra vires refers to unauthorized actions.
Intra vires Actions taken within the powers granted to a corporation. Intra vires actions are valid, while ultra vires actions are not.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe that a corporate action is ultra vires, consider the following steps:

  • Review the corporation's charter and relevant laws to confirm the authority of the actions taken.
  • Consult with a legal professional to discuss potential actions, such as filing a lawsuit or seeking an injunction.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can assist in drafting necessary legal documents.

Quick facts

  • Typical Fees: Varies by legal representation.
  • Jurisdiction: Corporate law varies by state.
  • Possible Penalties: Invalidity of the action, damages awarded.

Key takeaways