What is a Defendant in Error? A Comprehensive Legal Guide

Definition & Meaning

A defendant in error is a party involved in a legal case who has received a writ of error. This writ is an order from an appellate court that instructs a lower court to send the case records for review. The purpose of this process is to seek a reversal of the lower court's judgment. Typically, a defendant in error is an individual or entity that did not succeed in the initial court ruling and is seeking a remedy through the appellate system.

Table of content

Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A person found guilty of a crime believes that the trial court made a legal mistake. They may file a writ of error to appeal the decision, seeking a review from a higher court.

Example 2: A business loses a civil lawsuit and believes the judge misapplied the law. The business can become a defendant in error by filing for a writ of error to challenge the ruling in an appellate court.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Writ of Error Process
California Allows writs of error for civil cases, but not for criminal cases.
Texas Writs of error are available for both civil and criminal cases, with specific procedural rules.
New York Follows a different appeal process and does not use writs of error; instead, it has an appeal system.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Appeal A request to a higher court to review a lower court's decision. An appeal is a broader term, while a writ of error specifically addresses legal errors in the trial process.
Writ of Certiorari An order by a higher court to review the decision of a lower court. A writ of certiorari is typically used in the Supreme Court context, while a writ of error is more common in appellate courts.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you find yourself as a defendant in error, consider the following steps:

  • Review the judgment and identify potential legal errors.
  • Consult with a legal professional to discuss your options for filing a writ of error.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can assist you in preparing the necessary documents.
  • If the situation is complex, professional legal assistance may be necessary to navigate the appellate process.

Quick facts

  • Typical fees: Varies by state and court.
  • Jurisdiction: Appellate courts.
  • Possible penalties: None directly from the writ itself, but may involve costs associated with the appeal process.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

A writ of error is an order from an appellate court directing a lower court to send the case records for review.