Understanding the Privacy Act of 1974: Safeguarding Personal Information

Definition & Meaning

The Privacy Act of 1974 is a federal law that establishes guidelines for how personal information about individuals is collected, maintained, and shared by federal agencies. The Act aims to protect individuals' privacy by regulating the handling of their personal data and prohibits unauthorized disclosure of this information. However, it also outlines specific exceptions under which agencies may share personal information legally.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A federal employee requests access to their personnel file. Under the Privacy Act, the agency must provide this access unless an exception applies.

Example 2: The Census Bureau uses personal data for statistical analysis, which is permitted under the Act's exceptions for statistical purposes.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Difference
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) A law that allows individuals to request access to federal agency records. FOIA promotes transparency, while the Privacy Act focuses on protecting personal privacy.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) A law that protects the privacy of individuals' health information. HIPAA specifically addresses health data, while the Privacy Act covers a broader range of personal information.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe your privacy rights under the Privacy Act have been violated, you can file a complaint with the relevant federal agency. It may also be beneficial to consult legal resources or templates available through US Legal Forms to assist in this process. For complex issues, seeking professional legal advice is recommended.

Quick facts

  • Enacted: 1974
  • Jurisdiction: Federal agencies
  • Key focus: Personal data protection
  • Exceptions: Statistical, routine uses, law enforcement, etc.

Key takeaways