Donatio Non Praesumitur: The Legal Principle Behind Gift Presumption

Definition & Meaning

The term "donatio non praesumitur" translates to "donation is not presumed." This legal maxim indicates that a gift cannot be assumed without clear evidence of the donor's intention. In legal terms, a gift refers to a voluntary transfer of property or rights made without expecting anything in return. Therefore, unless the donor explicitly states their intention to give, a deed cannot be classified as a gift.

Table of content

Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A parent transfers ownership of a vehicle to their child without any written agreement. In this case, if the parent did not explicitly state that it was a gift, it may not be presumed as such.

Example 2: A friend gives another friend a piece of artwork, but there is no written note indicating it is a gift. If the friend later claims they were merely loaning the artwork, the presumption of a gift may not hold without clear evidence. (hypothetical example)

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Variation
California Requires written documentation for gifts over a certain value.
New York Allows for verbal gifts but requires witnesses for larger transfers.
Texas Gifts must be documented to avoid disputes, especially in family law cases.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Difference
Gift A voluntary transfer of property without compensation. Assumed to be a gift unless proven otherwise.
Loan A temporary transfer of property with the expectation of return. Involves an expectation of return, unlike a gift.
Sale A transaction where property is exchanged for payment. Involves compensation, unlike a gift.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are involved in a situation where the term "donatio non praesumitur" applies, consider the following steps:

  • Gather any documentation or evidence that indicates the donor's intent.
  • Consult with a legal professional if there are disputes regarding the transfer.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can help you create clear documentation for future gifts.

Quick facts

  • Typical fees: Varies by state and legal service.
  • Jurisdiction: Civil law, particularly in property and estate matters.
  • Possible penalties: Legal disputes over intent may lead to costly litigation.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

It means that a gift cannot be assumed without clear evidence of intent from the donor.