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Understanding Donatio Mortis Causa/Gift Causa Mortis: A Legal Overview
Definition & Meaning
Donatio mortis causa, or gift causa mortis, refers to a type of gift that is made by a person who anticipates their impending death. This transfer of property becomes effective only upon the donor's death. It is considered a conditional gift because it relies on the condition that the donor dies. For the gift to be valid, the donor must deliver the gift to the recipient, known as the donee. The donor retains the right to revoke the gift at any time during their lifetime. If the donor survives the donee, the gift will revert back to the donor.
Table of content
Legal Use & context
This term is commonly used in estate planning and probate law. It is relevant in situations where individuals wish to make a gift in contemplation of their death, such as when they are terminally ill or facing a serious health crisis. Legal forms related to donatio mortis causa can assist users in documenting their intentions clearly, ensuring that their wishes are honored after their death.
Key legal elements
Real-world examples
Here are a couple of examples of abatement:
Example 1: A person diagnosed with a terminal illness decides to give their car to a close friend, stating that the gift will take effect upon their death. They hand over the car keys to their friend, fulfilling the delivery requirement.
Example 2: A person in a hospital due to a serious condition verbally expresses their wish to give their family heirloom to their sibling, but later recovers and does not formally document the gift. Since the donor did not die, the gift does not take effect. (hypothetical example)
State-by-state differences
State
Key Differences
California
Allows for both oral and written gifts, but requires clear evidence of intent.
New York
Oral gifts are recognized but must be proven with witnesses.
Texas
Written documentation is preferred to avoid disputes.
This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.
Comparison with related terms
Term
Definition
Key Differences
Gift Inter Vivos
A gift made during the donor's lifetime.
Unlike donatio mortis causa, this gift is effective immediately and does not depend on the donor's death.
Will
A legal document that specifies how a person's assets will be distributed after their death.
A will takes effect only upon death and must go through probate, while donatio mortis causa requires no probate.
Common misunderstandings
What to do if this term applies to you
If you are considering making a gift in contemplation of your death, it's important to document your intentions clearly. You can explore US Legal Forms for templates that help you create a valid donatio mortis causa. If your situation is complex, it may be wise to consult a legal professional to ensure your wishes are honored.
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