The Atwood Doctrine: Key Insights into ERISA Summary Plan Descriptions

Definition & Meaning

The Atwood Doctrine is a legal principle that addresses conflicts between an Employment Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) plan and its summary plan description. According to this doctrine, if there is a disagreement about the circumstances under which benefits may be denied, the summary plan description takes precedence. This principle was established in the case of Atwood v. Newmont Gold Co., where the court ruled that ERISA mandates that the summary plan description must clearly outline the conditions that could lead to disqualification or denial of benefits. If the summary plan description does not meet this requirement and significantly differs from the actual plan, it is considered the controlling document.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: An employee receives a summary plan description that states benefits will be denied if the employee is not actively participating in the plan. However, the actual ERISA plan includes additional criteria for eligibility that are not mentioned in the summary. If the employee is denied benefits based on the unmentioned criteria, the summary plan description would control, and the employee may have grounds for an appeal.

Example 2: (hypothetical example) An employee is informed that they are ineligible for certain benefits due to a lack of documentation. However, the summary plan description does not specify this requirement. In this case, the employee could argue that the summary plan description should govern the situation.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Difference
ERISA Plan A formal employee benefit plan governed by ERISA. ERISA plans are the actual documents outlining benefits, while the Atwood Doctrine pertains to conflicts with summary descriptions.
Summary Plan Description A document that summarizes the key features of an ERISA plan. The Atwood Doctrine states that this document can override the formal plan in cases of conflict.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe your benefits have been denied based on conflicting information in your summary plan description, you should:

  • Review both the ERISA plan and the summary plan description carefully.
  • Gather any relevant documentation that supports your case.
  • Consider filing an appeal if you find discrepancies between the two documents.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can assist in drafting your appeal or claim.
  • If the situation is complex, seek assistance from a qualified attorney.

Quick facts

Attribute Details
Governing Law ERISA
Key Case Atwood v. Newmont Gold Co.
Importance of Summary Plan Description Can control over the ERISA plan in case of conflicts

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

The Atwood Doctrine is a legal principle that states the summary plan description governs in conflicts with the ERISA plan regarding benefit denials.