Unlawful Debt: What You Need to Know About Its Legal Definition

Definition & Meaning

An unlawful debt refers to a type of debt that cannot be enforced under state or federal law, either partially or entirely. This typically occurs when the debt is associated with lending money or providing something of value at a rate that exceeds legal limits, known as usury. Specifically, a debt is considered unlawful if it involves interest rates that are at least double the maximum enforceable rate allowed by law.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A lender offers a loan with an interest rate of 50%, while the legal maximum rate is 20%. This loan would be classified as an unlawful debt.

Example 2: A person borrows money from a payday lender who charges an interest rate that is significantly higher than state limits, resulting in an unenforceable debt (hypothetical example).

State-by-state differences

State Usury Rate Notes
California 10 percent Strict enforcement of usury laws.
Texas 18 percent Exceptions for certain types of loans.
New York 16 percent Higher penalties for unlawful debts.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Difference
Usury Charging an interest rate higher than the legal limit. Usury is a broader term that encompasses unlawful debts.
Predatory Lending Unfair, deceptive, or fraudulent practices in lending. Predatory lending can lead to unlawful debts but is a distinct practice.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe you are dealing with an unlawful debt, consider the following steps:

  • Review the terms of your loan or debt agreement to identify any usurious rates.
  • Consult a legal professional to understand your rights and options.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that may help you manage your situation.

Quick facts

  • Typical interest rates for lawful debts vary by state.
  • Unlawful debts can lead to legal penalties for lenders.
  • RICO Act provides a framework for addressing unlawful debts.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

An unlawful debt is a debt that cannot be enforced due to violating usury laws.