Thirds: A Comprehensive Guide to Estate Rights and Distribution

Definition & Meaning

The term "thirds" refers to a legal provision that grants a widow or widower a portion of a deceased person's estate. Specifically, this portion is typically one third of the estate, which includes both real and personal property. This right to the estate is vested in the surviving spouse, even if there are disputes or issues related to the deceased's estate. The concept of thirds is governed by decedent estate law, which outlines how property is distributed when someone passes away.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: If a person passes away leaving an estate valued at $300,000, their widow would be entitled to receive $100,000 as their share under the thirds rule.

Example 2: In a situation where a decedent has children from a previous relationship, the widow would still retain her right to one third of the estate, even if there are disputes among the heirs. (hypothetical example)

State-by-state differences

State Thirds Law Overview
New York Surviving spouses are entitled to one third of the estate, regardless of the will's provisions.
California Surviving spouses may receive one half of the community property and a portion of separate property, depending on the will.
Texas Surviving spouses are entitled to one third of the decedent's estate if there are children, or one half if there are none.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Bequest A gift of personal property made through a will. A bequest can be made to anyone, while thirds specifically refers to a surviving spouse's share.
Intestate Succession The distribution of an estate when someone dies without a will. Thirds apply even if there is a will, ensuring a spouse's share is protected.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are a surviving spouse and believe you are entitled to thirds of your deceased partner's estate, consider taking the following steps:

  • Review the will and any estate documents to understand your rights.
  • Consult with a legal professional to clarify your entitlements and navigate any disputes.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can assist you in managing estate-related paperwork.

In complex cases, seeking professional legal help is advisable to ensure your rights are protected.

Quick facts

  • Typical share: One third of the estate
  • Jurisdiction: Varies by state
  • Applies to: Real and personal property
  • Legal assistance: Recommended for complex cases

Key takeaways