Understanding Supervening Impossibility in Contract Law

Definition & Meaning

Supervening impossibility refers to a situation where a party is unable to fulfill their contractual obligations due to unforeseen circumstances that arise after the contract has been formed. This type of impossibility occurs when the promisor's performance is due and is typically caused by events that were not anticipated and for which the promisor is not responsible. Understanding supervening impossibility is crucial, as it can affect the enforceability of contracts and the obligations of the parties involved.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

(hypothetical example) A contractor agrees to build a home but is unable to do so because a natural disaster, such as a flood, destroys the construction site after the contract is signed. In this case, the contractor may claim supervening impossibility as a defense against failing to complete the project.

(hypothetical example) A musician contracts to perform at a venue but becomes seriously ill just before the performance date, making it impossible for them to perform. This situation may also qualify as supervening impossibility.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Key Differences
California California courts may apply a broader interpretation of supervening impossibility, considering various unforeseen events.
New York In New York, the burden of proof lies on the party claiming supervening impossibility to demonstrate that the event was truly unforeseen.
Texas Texas law may require specific contractual language to invoke supervening impossibility effectively.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Frustration of Purpose A situation where a contract's main purpose is undermined by unforeseen events. Frustration focuses on the contract's purpose being defeated, while supervening impossibility concerns the ability to perform.
Force Majeure Contractual clause that relieves parties from liability due to extraordinary events. Force majeure is often predetermined in contracts, whereas supervening impossibility arises unexpectedly.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you find yourself unable to fulfill a contract due to unforeseen circumstances, consider the following steps:

  • Document the event that caused the impossibility and gather any relevant evidence.
  • Review your contract for any clauses related to supervening impossibility or force majeure.
  • Consult with a legal professional to understand your rights and obligations.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that may help you communicate with the other party effectively.

Quick facts

  • Applies primarily in contract law.
  • Must arise after the contract is formed.
  • Events must be unforeseen and not caused by the promisor.
  • Not a blanket excuse; must meet specific legal criteria.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

It is a legal concept where unforeseen events prevent a party from fulfilling their contractual obligations.