Understanding the Self Employment Contributions Act and Its Impact on Your Taxes

Definition & Meaning

The Self-Employment Contributions Act (SECA) is a U.S. tax law established in 1954 that mandates self-employed individuals, including owners of small businesses like sole proprietorships, partnerships, and S corporations, to pay a tax of 15.3 percent on their net self-employment income. This tax covers contributions to Social Security, Medicare, and Old Age Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI). Unlike employees, who split this tax with their employers, self-employed individuals are responsible for the entire amount. However, they can deduct half of their SECA tax when filing their personal federal tax returns.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

(Hypothetical example) A freelance graphic designer earns $100,000 in net self-employment income. They would calculate their SECA tax by first determining their taxable income, applying the 15.3 percent rate on the first $94,200, and then 2.9 percent on the remaining income. This results in a total SECA tax liability of approximately $14,581.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Difference
FICA Federal Insurance Contributions Act, which mandates payroll taxes for Social Security and Medicare. FICA applies to employees and employers, while SECA applies solely to self-employed individuals.
Self-Employment Tax The tax imposed on self-employed individuals, which includes SECA. Self-employment tax refers to the total tax obligation, while SECA specifically outlines the legal framework for calculating it.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are self-employed, it is crucial to keep accurate records of your income and business expenses. You should calculate your net earnings to determine your SECA tax liability. Consider using US Legal Forms' templates to assist with tax calculations and filings. If your tax situation is complex, consulting with a tax professional is advisable to ensure compliance and optimize your tax strategy.

Quick facts

  • Tax Rate: 15.3 percent on net self-employment income.
  • Deduction: Half of the SECA tax can be deducted on federal returns.
  • Minimum Income: No SECA tax owed if net earnings are below $400.
  • Income Thresholds: Different rates apply above $94,200.

Key takeaways