Preterition: The Legal Implications of Omitted Heirs in Wills

Definition & Meaning

Preterition refers to the act of a testator, or a person making a will, failing to mention one or more heirs in that will. This term signifies the omission or neglect to include certain legal heirs, which may lead to those omitted heirs having a claim to the estate if the will is contested. In cases where heirs feel wronged by this omission, they may bring the will to court. If it is determined that the omission was intentional, the will may still be upheld as valid.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

(hypothetical example) A testator creates a will that names only one of their three children as the beneficiary, intentionally leaving out the other two. After the testator's death, the omitted children may contest the will, arguing that they were entitled to inherit as legal heirs.

(hypothetical example) A testator forgets to include a sibling in their will. If the sibling later discovers this omission, they may seek legal recourse to claim their share of the estate, especially if there is evidence that the omission was not intentional.

State-by-state differences

State Consideration of Preterition
California California courts may allow claims from omitted heirs unless the omission was intentional.
New York In New York, preterition can lead to a statutory share for omitted children if they were not intentionally excluded.
Texas Texas law provides that omitted heirs may have a right to inherit if not explicitly excluded.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Difference
Preterition Omission of an heir in a will. Focuses specifically on the failure to mention heirs.
Disinheritance Deliberate exclusion of an heir from a will. Involves intentional actions rather than accidental omissions.
Intestate Not having a valid will at the time of death. Involves no will at all, while preterition concerns existing wills.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe you have been omitted from a will, consider taking the following steps:

  • Review the will to understand your standing as a legal heir.
  • Gather any evidence that suggests the omission was not intentional.
  • Consult with a legal professional to discuss your options for contesting the will.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates related to will contests and estate claims.

Quick facts

  • Preterition refers to the omission of heirs in a will.
  • Legal heirs may contest the will if omitted.
  • Intentional omissions can uphold the will's validity.
  • State laws vary regarding the treatment of omitted heirs.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

You may have the right to contest the will in court, especially if you can prove the omission was not intentional.