What is an Offer of Judgment? A Comprehensive Legal Overview

Definition & Meaning

An offer of judgment is a legal proposal made by one party in a lawsuit to settle the case by allowing judgment to be entered against them for a specific amount or terms. This offer is typically made before the trial begins and is intended to encourage settlement by providing a clear option for the opposing party. If the offer is not accepted and the final judgment is less favorable than the offer, the party who rejected it may be responsible for the other party's costs incurred after the offer was made.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A defendant in a car accident case offers to settle for $50,000. The plaintiff does not accept the offer and goes to trial, where they are awarded only $30,000. The plaintiff may then be required to pay the defendant's post-offer costs.

Example 2: A landlord offers a tenant $1,000 to settle a dispute over unpaid rent before the trial. If the tenant rejects the offer and the court rules in favor of the landlord for $800, the tenant may be liable for the landlord's legal costs incurred after the offer was made. (hypothetical example)

State-by-state differences

State Key Differences
California Offers can be made up to 10 days before trial.
Florida Specific rules govern the timing and acceptance of offers.
New York Offers of judgment are allowed in certain civil cases only.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Settlement Offer A proposal to resolve a dispute without going to trial. Settlement offers can be made at any time, while offers of judgment have specific procedural rules.
Counter-Offer A response to an offer that changes the terms. A counter-offer does not withdraw the original offer of judgment.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you receive an offer of judgment, consider consulting with a legal professional to evaluate the offer's merits. Weigh the potential outcomes of accepting versus rejecting the offer. If you decide to proceed, you can use US Legal Forms to access templates that can help you draft your response or create an offer of judgment.

Quick facts

  • Typical time frame for acceptance: 10 days before trial.
  • Common legal areas: Civil litigation, personal injury, contract disputes.
  • Potential penalties: Costs incurred by the other party if the final judgment is less favorable.

Key takeaways