Understanding Negative Covenant: Legal Definition and Importance

Definition & Meaning

A negative covenant is a type of agreement that requires a party to refrain from certain actions or uses of property. In finance, for example, a negative covenant may be included in a loan agreement to limit the borrower's activities. This can include restrictions like capping executive salaries, prohibiting the acquisition of additional debt, or controlling dividend payouts. Essentially, it is a promise not to engage in specific acts that could jeopardize the interests of the lender or other parties involved.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Here are a couple of examples of negative covenants:

  • Example 1: A company borrows money from a bank and agrees not to take on additional debt without the bank's consent. This protects the bank's investment by ensuring the company does not overextend itself financially.
  • Example 2: A landlord includes a negative covenant in a lease agreement that prohibits tenants from subleasing the property without permission. This helps maintain control over who occupies the property.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Key Differences
California Negative covenants in real estate leases may have specific disclosure requirements.
New York Corporate negative covenants are often strictly enforced in loan agreements.
Texas State law may limit the enforceability of certain negative covenants in personal service contracts.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Affirmative Covenant A promise to take specific actions. Negative covenants restrict actions, while affirmative covenants require them.
Restrictive Covenant A clause that limits how property can be used. Restrictive covenants often apply to property use, while negative covenants can apply to various agreements.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are entering into an agreement that includes a negative covenant, consider the following steps:

  • Review the terms carefully to understand your obligations.
  • Consult a legal professional if you have concerns about the implications of the covenant.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can help you draft or review agreements.

Quick facts

  • Common in loan agreements and real estate contracts.
  • Can limit actions such as acquiring more debt or subleasing property.
  • Enforceability may vary by state.

Key takeaways