Understanding the Loss-of-Bargain Rule in Contract Law

Definition & Meaning

The loss-of-bargain rule is a legal principle that aims to compensate a party for losses incurred due to a breach of contract. This rule ensures that the injured party is restored to the financial position they would have been in if the contract had been fulfilled as agreed. Essentially, it allows the injured party to claim the difference between the actual value of what they received and the value they would have received if the contract had been properly executed.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A homeowner contracts a builder to construct a deck for $10,000. The builder fails to complete the deck, and the homeowner must hire another contractor at a cost of $15,000. Under the loss-of-bargain rule, the homeowner can claim $5,000 in damages, which is the difference between the original contract price and the cost incurred to fulfill the contract.

Example 2: A company enters into a contract to purchase machinery for $50,000. The seller breaches the contract, and the company must purchase the same machinery for $60,000 from another supplier. The company can claim $10,000 in damages based on the loss-of-bargain rule. (hypothetical example)

State-by-state differences

State Application of Loss-of-Bargain Rule
California Generally follows the loss-of-bargain rule with some nuances in specific contract types.
New York Recognizes the rule but emphasizes foreseeability of damages.
Texas Applies the rule but requires clear evidence of damages.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Expectation Damages Compensation for what a party expected to receive from the contract. Expectation damages focus on the benefit of the bargain, while loss-of-bargain emphasizes the actual loss incurred.
Consequential Damages Damages that result indirectly from a breach. Consequential damages cover losses beyond the contract's direct terms, whereas loss-of-bargain strictly addresses the difference in value.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe you have suffered losses due to a breach of contract, consider the following steps:

  • Gather all relevant documentation related to the contract and the breach.
  • Calculate the difference in value to determine your potential damages.
  • Consult with a legal professional to understand your rights and options.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can help you draft a formal notice or claim.

Quick facts

  • Typical jurisdiction: Civil courts
  • Type of damages: Compensatory
  • Burden of proof: On the injured party
  • Common legal forms: Breach of contract complaint, demand letters

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

It is a principle that compensates a party for losses incurred due to a breach of contract, focusing on the difference in value.