Understanding Judgment Notwithstanding the Verdict: A Comprehensive Guide

Definition & Meaning

Judgment notwithstanding the verdict (JNOV) is a legal procedure in civil jury trials where a judge can overturn or modify a jury's decision. This action is taken when the judge believes that the jury's verdict is unreasonable or not supported by sufficient evidence. A JNOV is only appropriate if no reasonable jury could have arrived at the same conclusion. It is important to note that a judge cannot use JNOV to declare a defendant guilty after a jury has acquitted them, as this would violate the principle of double jeopardy.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: In a civil negligence case, a jury awards the plaintiff a large sum in damages. The defendant believes the evidence presented does not support such a verdict. They may file for a JNOV, arguing that no reasonable jury could have reached that decision based on the facts.

Example 2: (hypothetical example) A jury finds a business liable for breach of contract. The judge reviews the evidence and concludes that the contract terms were not adequately proven. The judge may then grant a JNOV to overturn the jury's decision.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State JNOV Standards
California Allows JNOV in civil cases if the verdict is not supported by substantial evidence.
New York Permits JNOV when the jury's verdict is contrary to the weight of the evidence.
Texas Requires a clear showing that the jury's decision was unreasonable based on the evidence.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Differences
Motion for a new trial A request to re-examine the case due to errors or issues during the trial. JNOV overturns the jury's verdict, while a new trial allows for a complete re-evaluation of the case.
Appeal A request to a higher court to review the decision of a lower court. JNOV is decided by the trial judge, while an appeal is reviewed by an appellate court.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe a jury's verdict in your case is unjust, consider consulting with a legal professional to discuss the possibility of filing for a JNOV. You can explore US Legal Forms for templates and resources that may assist you in managing the necessary documentation. If your situation is complex, seeking professional legal help is advisable.

Quick facts

  • Typical use: Civil jury trials
  • Possible outcomes: Overturn or amend jury verdict
  • Legal basis: Judge's discretion based on evidence
  • Important limitation: Cannot be used after jury acquittal

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

The purpose of a JNOV is to ensure that jury verdicts are reasonable and supported by evidence, allowing judges to correct unjust outcomes.