Clerical Error, Scrivener's Error, and Vitium Clerici Explained

Definition & Meaning

A clerical error, also known as a scrivener's error or vitium clerici, refers to a minor mistake made in a document that does not arise from judicial reasoning or intent. These errors can include typographical mistakes, the unintentional addition or omission of words, phrases, or figures, and other inaccuracies that alter the meaning of the document. Since these errors are made unintentionally, they can usually be corrected without objection from the parties involved.

Table of content

Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

One example of a clerical error is when a court mistakenly records a monetary amount owed as $50 instead of $500. In this case, the plaintiff is not bound by the incorrect amount, as it is only a clerical error.

Another example (hypothetical example) could be a situation where two parties agree on a contract verbally, but the written contract mistakenly omits a critical term. The aggrieved party can seek a reformation of the document to align it with the original oral agreement.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Clerical Error Treatment
California Allows for correction of clerical errors in court documents through a motion.
New York Permits clerical error corrections via court order without a hearing.
Texas Allows parties to correct clerical errors in contracts through mutual consent.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Clerical Error Minor mistakes in documents that do not reflect intent. Correctable without legal dispute.
Substantive Error Errors that affect the rights or obligations of the parties. Requires legal action for correction.
Typographical Error Specific type of clerical error involving typing mistakes. More focused on formatting issues than content.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you discover a clerical error in a document that affects you, consider the following steps:

  • Review the document to confirm the error.
  • Contact the other party involved to discuss the correction.
  • File a motion with the court if applicable, or use a legal form template to correct the error.
  • If the matter is complex, consult a legal professional for assistance.

Quick facts

  • Common types of clerical errors: typographical errors, omissions, misstatements.
  • Jurisdiction: Varies by state.
  • Possible penalties: None for clerical errors; corrections are typically straightforward.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

A clerical error is a minor mistake in a document that does not reflect the intent of the parties involved.