Full question:
My neighbor has about 50 or more pine trees on his property line which borders mine. The branches of the trees extend out well over his property line into mine, the result of which is pine cones, branches, etc litter my driveway and other property. Is it possible to force him (legally) to trim the branches of the trees so that they would not extend over and litter my property.
- Category: Trees
- Date:
- State: Virginia
Answer:
We suggest calling the local city hall or building department to inquire about local tree ordinances, which vary by local area. Adjoining landowners can find themselves in disputes over fences, overhanging branches and party walls. Boundaries are frequently marked by partition fences, ditches, hedges, trees, etc. If the tree trunk is located wholly on one property, the tree is "owned" by that property owner. Even if the branches go over the property line. If the trunk straddles the property line, you have a shared tree. A tree growing in the boundary line is the joint property of both owners of the land.
The answer will depend on whose property the tree is located. There is no clear legal rule regarding trees that grow on the boundary between two properties. In some jurisdictions, trees standing along a boundary line are the common property of the neighbors on either side of the boundary. The general common-law rule is that one cannot complain of trees or shrubbery on adjoining land regardless of their thickness or height, since the adjoining landowner is within his or her rights in making such use of his or her land.
Although you may cut tree limbs and remove roots from your neighbor's tree where they cross over the property line, you cannot do so if it will damage the continued viability of his tree. The neighbor with the branches reaching onto his or her yard has the right to trim those branches back to the property line (and pay for it himself or herself). The neighbor cannot demand that the tree owner pay to trim the branches. The neighbor cannot harm the tree, kill it, or chop it down. If the neighbor harms the tree, he or she could be liable for damages.
Trees may be considered an encroachment. For example, when Neighbor A's tree is alllowed to grow onto the Neighbor B's property and damage a fence, it is an encroachment on neighbor B's property. Neighbor A may be required to remove the tree. A Court has discretion to balance hardships and deny removal of an encroachment if it was innocently made, the cost of removal greatly exceeds the inconvenience to plaintiff, and the plaintiff is compensated for damages caused by the encroachment.
If the tree owner allows the tree to grow so that it uproots the fence, it would be considered an encroachment onto the adjacent property. In that instance, the tree owner would be required to remove the offending tree. A boundary tree is one planted on the boundary line itself and should not be removed without mutual agreement. Leaves which fall off and end up on adjacent property are considered a natural occurrence and are the responsibility of the landowner on whose property they ultimately come to rest. Property owners in every state have the right to cut off branches and roots that stray into their property, in most cases this is the only help that is provided by the law, even when damage from a tree is substantial. A property owner who finds a neighbor's tree encroaching must first warn or give notice to the tree owner prior to commencing work and give the tree owner the chance to correct the problem. If the tree owner does nothing, the tree can still be trimmed. As a general rule, a property owner who trims an encroaching tree belonging to a neighbor can trim only up to the boundary line and must obtain permission to enter the tree owner's property, unless the limbs threaten to cause imminent and grave harm. Additionally, the property owner cannot cut the entire tree down and cannot destroy the structural integrity or the cosmetic symmetry and appeal of a tree by improper trimming.
This content is for informational purposes only and is not legal advice. Legal statutes mentioned reflect the law at the time the content was written and may no longer be current. Always verify the latest version of the law before relying on it.
