What is a Proof of Claim [Bankruptcy] and Why is it Important?

Definition & Meaning

A proof of claim is a formal document submitted in bankruptcy cases that details the amount of money a debtor owes to a creditor and the reasons for the debt. This document is crucial in Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 bankruptcy proceedings. After a debtor files for bankruptcy, they must list all their creditors. Creditors then have the opportunity to file a proof of claim to assert their right to receive payment from the debtor's bankruptcy estate.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A medical provider files a proof of claim against a debtor who owes $5,000 for unpaid medical bills, including copies of the bills as evidence.

Example 2: A credit card company submits a proof of claim for $2,000 owed by a debtor, providing account statements as supporting documentation. (hypothetical example)

State-by-state differences

State Filing Deadline Additional Requirements
California 70 days after the bankruptcy filing Must include proof of debt.
New York 90 days after the bankruptcy filing Requires detailed account statements.
Texas Proof of claim must be filed by the bar date set by the court No additional requirements.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Proof of Claim Document asserting a creditor's right to payment in bankruptcy. Specific to bankruptcy cases.
Claim A general term for a demand for payment. Not limited to bankruptcy contexts.
Secured Claim A claim backed by collateral. Includes specific assets as security for the debt.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are a creditor seeking to file a proof of claim, ensure you gather all necessary documentation, including invoices and contracts. Be mindful of the filing deadlines set by the bankruptcy court. You can utilize US Legal Forms to find templates that simplify this process. If your situation is complex, consider consulting a legal professional for tailored advice.

Quick facts

  • Typical filing deadline: Varies by state, generally between 70 to 90 days after bankruptcy filing.
  • Jurisdiction: Federal bankruptcy court.
  • Possible penalties: Claims may be disallowed if not filed on time or without proper documentation.

Key takeaways