Price Fixing: What It Means and Why It Matters in Antitrust Law

Definition & Meaning

Price fixing refers to a situation where competing businesses secretly agree to set prices for their products or services. This practice is designed to eliminate competition and maintain higher prices. Price fixing is considered a violation of federal antitrust laws, which aim to promote fair competition in the marketplace. It can also involve arrangements between suppliers and favored manufacturers or distributors to establish prices that undermine competition.

There are two main types of price fixing:

  • Vertical price fixing: This occurs between different levels of the supply chain, such as manufacturers and retailers.
  • Horizontal price fixing: This involves direct competitors colluding to set prices, which is illegal under antitrust laws.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A group of local gas stations agrees to charge the same price for gasoline to avoid competing on price, which can lead to higher prices for consumers. (hypothetical example)

Example 2: A manufacturer sets a minimum price that retailers must charge for its products, preventing retailers from offering discounts to attract customers. (hypothetical example)

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Price Fixing Collusion among businesses to set prices. Directly involves agreements between competitors.
Price Discrimination Charging different prices to different consumers for the same product. Does not necessarily involve collusion; can occur independently.
Market Allocation Agreement among competitors to divide markets or customers. Focuses on dividing territories rather than setting prices.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you suspect that you are affected by price fixing, consider the following steps:

  • Document any evidence of price agreements or collusion.
  • Consult with a legal professional who specializes in antitrust law.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that may assist in filing complaints or legal actions.

Quick facts

Attribute Details
Typical Fees Varies by legal representation; consult local attorneys.
Jurisdiction Federal and state courts.
Possible Penalties Fines, restitution, and potential imprisonment for individuals involved in criminal violations.

Key takeaways