Missing Person: What the Law Says About Disappearances

Definition & Meaning

A missing person is defined as an individual who is 18 years old or older and whose disappearance is suspected to be involuntary, or a child whose location is unknown to their legal guardian. The circumstances surrounding the absence may indicate that:

  • The child did not leave the care of their guardian voluntarily, and their removal was not legally authorized.
  • The child left voluntarily without the guardian's consent and without the intention to return.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A 16-year-old girl leaves home without informing her parents and does not return. Her parents file a Missing Person Report with the local police, who initiate an investigation.

Example 2: A 30-year-old man goes missing under suspicious circumstances after last being seen at a bar. His family reports him missing, prompting law enforcement to coordinate with federal agencies.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Missing Person Reporting Timeframe Amber Alert Criteria
California No waiting period for children Child under 18, believed to be in danger
New York No waiting period for children Child under 21, credible threat of harm
Texas 24-hour waiting period for adults Child under 18, immediate danger

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Missing Person An individual whose location is unknown. Can involve voluntary or involuntary absence.
Abducted Person An individual taken against their will. Specifically involves unlawful removal.
Runaway A minor who leaves home without permission. Typically voluntary departure.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe someone is missing, follow these steps:

  • Contact your local law enforcement agency immediately to file a Missing Person Report.
  • Provide as much information as possible about the individual, including physical description and last known whereabouts.
  • If the missing person is a child, ask about the Amber Alert process.

Consider using US Legal Forms for templates and resources to assist in the process. If the situation is complex, seeking professional legal assistance may be necessary.

Quick facts

  • Age of missing person: 18 years or older (adult) or under 18 (child).
  • No waiting period for reporting a missing child.
  • Law enforcement must enter information into national databases.

Key takeaways