The Major-Minor Fault Rule: Defining Liability in Maritime Incidents

Definition & Meaning

The major-minor fault rule is a principle in maritime law that determines liability in cases of collisions between vessels. According to this rule, a vessel may be exempt from liability for damages if it can be proven that the collision was primarily caused by the fault of another vessel. In this context, the major fault of one vessel is weighed more heavily than any minor fault of the other vessel. As a result, the vessel with the minor fault may avoid liability for the incident.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A cargo ship collides with a fishing vessel. The investigation reveals that the cargo ship was navigating improperly, while the fishing vessel had minor issues with its lights. Under the major-minor fault rule, the cargo ship may be held liable, while the fishing vessel could be exempt due to its minor fault.

Example 2: (hypothetical example) A yacht collides with a tanker. If the yacht was anchored improperly, but the tanker was speeding, the tanker may be found at fault, allowing the yacht to avoid liability.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Negligence Failure to take proper care in doing something. Negligence does not consider the major-minor fault distinction.
Joint Liability When two or more parties are held liable for the same event. Major-minor fault rule focuses on distinguishing fault levels rather than joint liability.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you find yourself involved in a maritime collision, it's essential to gather evidence regarding the circumstances of the incident. Document the faults of both vessels and consider consulting a legal professional to understand your rights and liabilities. Additionally, you can explore US Legal Forms for templates that can assist you in managing your case effectively.

Quick facts

  • Legal Area: Maritime Law
  • Application: Ship collisions
  • Key Consideration: Major vs. minor fault
  • Potential Outcome: Exemption from liability for minor fault

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

It is a principle in maritime law that assesses liability based on the severity of faults in a collision.