Intentional Tort: A Comprehensive Guide to Civil Wrongs

Definition & Meaning

Intentional tort refers to a category of civil wrongs where an individual (the actor) deliberately acts in a way that causes harm to another person (the affected party). To establish an intentional tort, the plaintiff must demonstrate that the defendant had a specific intent to inflict harm. Common examples of intentional torts include assault, battery, false imprisonment, conversion, trespass to land or chattels, and intentional infliction of emotional distress.

Table of content

Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: If person A throws a rock intending to hit person B and successfully injures them, person A has committed the intentional tort of battery.

Example 2: If person C locks person D in a room against their will, person C has committed the intentional tort of false imprisonment. (hypothetical example)

State-by-state differences

State Key Differences
California Recognizes specific defenses for certain intentional torts, such as consent.
New York Allows for punitive damages in cases of intentional torts under certain circumstances.
Texas Has specific statutes governing the use of force in self-defense that can affect tort claims.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Negligence Failure to take reasonable care to avoid causing injury or loss to another person. Intentional torts require intent, while negligence is based on a lack of intent.
Criminal Assault An act that causes another person to fear imminent harm. Criminal assault is prosecuted by the state, while intentional torts are civil matters.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe you are a victim of an intentional tort, consider the following steps:

  • Document the incident and gather evidence, such as photographs or witness statements.
  • Consult with a legal professional to understand your rights and options.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can help you file a claim or seek compensation.

For complex situations, obtaining professional legal help may be necessary.

Quick facts

Attribute Details
Typical Fees Varies by attorney; often hourly or contingency-based.
Jurisdiction State courts handle most intentional tort cases.
Possible Penalties Compensatory damages, punitive damages in some cases.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

An intentional tort is a civil matter where the victim seeks compensation, while a crime is prosecuted by the state and can result in penalties like imprisonment.