Governing Instrument (Probate): Key Insights into Estate Planning

Definition & Meaning

A governing instrument is a legal document that establishes how a person's assets will be managed or distributed after their death. This includes various types of documents such as wills, trusts, insurance policies, accounts with payable-on-death (POD) designations, and securities registered in beneficiary form (transfer-on-death or TOD). Additionally, it encompasses instruments that create or exercise powers of appointment or attorney, as well as any similar documents that dictate the distribution of a person's estate or assets.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A person creates a will that specifies how their property should be divided among their children after their death. This will serves as their governing instrument.

Example 2: An individual establishes a trust to manage their assets during their lifetime and specifies that the remaining assets should be distributed to their grandchildren upon their death (hypothetical example).

State-by-state differences

State Governing Instrument Variations
California Allows for holographic wills (handwritten) under certain conditions.
New York Requires two witnesses for a valid will; no holographic wills allowed.
Texas Permits both formal and informal wills, including handwritten versions.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Description
Will A legal document that specifies how a person's assets should be distributed after their death.
Trust A fiduciary arrangement where one party holds assets for the benefit of another, often used to manage assets during a person's lifetime and beyond.
Power of Attorney A legal document that grants one person the authority to act on behalf of another in legal or financial matters.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you need to create or manage a governing instrument, consider the following steps:

  • Assess your assets and how you want them distributed.
  • Consult with a legal professional to ensure compliance with state laws.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can simplify the process.
  • If your situation is complex, seek professional legal assistance to avoid potential disputes.

Quick facts

  • Common types: wills, trusts, insurance policies.
  • Execution requirements vary by state.
  • Legal capacity is necessary for creating a valid governing instrument.
  • Ambiguities can lead to disputes; clarity is essential.

Key takeaways