Covenant of Seisin: A Key Legal Concept in Property Ownership

Definition & Meaning

The covenant of seisin is a legal promise made in a property deed that guarantees the seller has the legal right to transfer ownership of the property. This covenant is considered more significant than the covenant for quiet enjoyment, which ensures that the buyer can possess the property without interference. If a buyer is evicted due to a failure of title, they can seek remedies under both covenants, but they must choose one for their claim while taking nominal damages for the other.

Table of content

Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

(hypothetical example) If a person purchases a home and later discovers that the seller did not have the right to sell it, the buyer can claim a breach of the covenant of seisin. They may seek a refund of the purchase price, plus interest, but cannot claim for improvements made to the property.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Notes
California Strong protections for buyers under state law regarding covenants.
New York Case law emphasizes the importance of the covenant of seisin in property disputes.
Texas Specific statutory requirements for property deeds may affect the interpretation of covenants.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Covenant for quiet enjoyment Guarantees the buyer can possess the property without interference. Inferior to the covenant of seisin; focuses on possession rather than ownership.
Covenant of warranty Promises that the seller will defend the title against claims. More about defending ownership than guaranteeing it at the time of sale.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you believe you have been affected by a breach of the covenant of seisin, consider the following steps:

  • Review your property deed to understand the covenants included.
  • Gather any documentation related to your purchase and any eviction notices.
  • Consult a legal professional for advice tailored to your situation.
  • Explore US Legal Forms for templates that can assist you in filing claims or managing disputes.

Quick facts

  • Type of law: Real estate law
  • Primary focus: Ownership rights
  • Remedies for breach: Refund of purchase price and interest
  • Important case: PITCHER v. LIVINGSTON, 4 Johns. 1 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 1809)

Key takeaways