Understanding the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act COBRA: A Comprehensive Guide

Definition & Meaning

The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) is a federal law enacted in 1985 that requires employers with more than 20 employees to provide continued health insurance coverage for employees and their dependents who lose their health benefits due to specific qualifying events. These events can include job loss, reduced work hours, eligibility for Medicare, or other circumstances. COBRA allows individuals to maintain their health insurance coverage for a limited time, typically up to 18 months, by paying the full premium plus a small administrative fee.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: An employee loses their job due to downsizing. They are eligible for COBRA and can continue their health insurance for up to 18 months by paying the full premium.

Example 2: A part-time employee has their hours reduced and becomes ineligible for the company health plan. They can elect COBRA to maintain coverage during the transition to a new job (hypothetical example).

State-by-state differences

State COBRA Applicability
California State law extends coverage to employers with 2 or more employees.
New York State law requires continuation coverage for 36 months for certain events.
Texas Follows federal COBRA guidelines without additional state provisions.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you lose your health insurance due to a qualifying event, review your COBRA rights promptly. You should receive a notification from your employer about your options. If you wish to continue your coverage, respond within the specified time frame and ensure you understand the costs involved. For assistance, consider using US Legal Forms to access templates that can help you navigate the process. If your situation is complex, consulting a legal professional may be beneficial.

Quick facts

  • Typical coverage duration: 18 months (may extend to 36 months under certain conditions)
  • Employer size requirement: More than 20 employees
  • Cost: Employee pays 100% of the premium plus a 2% administrative fee
  • Penalties for noncompliance: Fines and potential liability for damages

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

A qualifying event can include job loss, reduced work hours, or eligibility for Medicare, among others.