What is a Calderbank Letter? A Comprehensive Legal Overview

Definition & Meaning

A Calderbank letter is a type of settlement offer presented in writing. It is used in legal disputes when one party proposes a settlement that the other party rejects. If the case goes to trial and the final judgment is similar to the terms of the rejected offer, the party that made the Calderbank letter may request the court to consider this when determining costs. The name comes from a significant English case that established this principle. Importantly, the contents of a Calderbank letter are confidential and should not be disclosed to the court until after a judgment is made, at which point it can be used to argue for cost penalties based on the similarity of the outcomes.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

(Hypothetical example) A plaintiff in a personal injury case offers to settle for $50,000 through a Calderbank letter. The defendant rejects the offer, and the case goes to trial. The jury awards the plaintiff $55,000. The plaintiff can present the Calderbank letter to the court to argue that the defendant should bear the costs of the trial since the judgment was close to the rejected offer.

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Calderbank Letter Use
California Widely accepted; courts often consider rejected offers in cost assessments.
New York Similar principles apply, but specific procedural rules must be followed.
Texas Calderbank letters are recognized, but the impact on costs can vary based on local rules.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Description Difference
Settlement Offer A proposal to resolve a dispute without going to trial. A Calderbank letter is a specific type of settlement offer that has implications for costs.
Without Prejudice A legal term indicating that statements made cannot be used in court. Calderbank letters are without prejudice except for costs, allowing them to be disclosed under certain conditions.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are involved in a legal dispute and considering a Calderbank letter, it is advisable to consult with a legal professional to ensure it is drafted correctly. You can also explore US Legal Forms for templates that can guide you in creating a compliant Calderbank letter. If your situation is complex, seeking legal advice is essential.

Quick facts

  • Typical use: In civil litigation for settlement offers.
  • Confidential until judgment: Yes.
  • Can influence costs: Yes, if the trial outcome is similar to the offer.
  • States with significant use: California, New York, Texas.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

A Calderbank letter is a written settlement offer made in legal disputes, which remains confidential until after a judgment.