Understanding the Bill of Exchange: Definition and Key Features

Definition & Meaning

A bill of exchange is a written order from one party (the drawer) directing another party (the drawee) to pay a specified sum of money to a third party (the payee) at a future date. It is commonly used in international trade and can be transferable through endorsements. While similar to a promissory note, a bill of exchange is distinct in that it can bind one party to pay a third party not involved in its creation. In banking, a bill of exchange drawn on a bank is known as a bank draft, while one drawn on an individual or business is referred to as a trade draft. A check is a specific type of bill of exchange that is drawn on a bank account.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A company in the United States sells goods to a buyer in Europe. They issue a bill of exchange requiring the buyer's bank to pay the seller a specified amount on a predetermined date.

Example 2: A manufacturer draws a bill of exchange on itself, promising to pay a supplier for raw materials at a future date (hypothetical example).

State-by-state differences

Examples of state differences (not exhaustive):

State Key Difference
California Allows electronic bills of exchange under certain conditions.
New York Requires specific language for international bills to be enforceable.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Key Differences
Promissory Note A written promise to pay a specified amount to a payee. Not transferable like a bill of exchange; binds only the maker.
Check A bill of exchange drawn on a bank account. Specifically used for immediate payment; less formal than other types.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are involved in a transaction requiring a bill of exchange, ensure that it includes all necessary elements, such as the amount, dates, and signatures. You can utilize US Legal Forms to access templates that can help you create a valid bill of exchange. If your situation is complex or involves significant amounts, consider consulting a legal professional for tailored advice.

Quick facts

  • Typical fees: Varies based on the transaction.
  • Jurisdiction: Governed by both state laws and international treaties.
  • Possible penalties: Varies by state; may include fines for non-compliance.

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

It serves as a formal request for payment, often used in trade and business transactions.