Answer:
Consolidation usually happens when there are two pending actions that involve the same operative facts and questions of law.
Please see the following TX Rule of Civil Procedure:
RULE 174. CONSOLIDATION; SEPARATE TRIALS
(a) Consolidation. When actions involving a common question of law or
fact are pending before the court, it may order a joint hearing or trial
of any or all the matters in issue in the actions; it may order all the
actions consolidated; and it may make such orders concerning proceedings
therein as may tend to avoid unnecessary costs or delay.
(b) Separate Trials. The court in furtherance of convenience or to
avoid prejudice may order a separate trial of any claim, cross-claim,
counterclaim, or third-party claim, or of any separate issue or of any
number of claims, cross-claims, counterclaims, third-party claims, or
issues.
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