Exploring the Antilapse Statute: A Key Legal Concept in Estate Planning

Definition & Meaning

An antilapse statute is a legal provision that prevents gifts in a will from becoming void if the intended recipient dies before the testator, or person who made the will. Traditionally, under common law, if a beneficiary passed away before the testator, the gift would lapse, meaning it would not go to the deceased's heirs. Antilapse statutes were created to address this issue, particularly to protect grandchildren and other relatives from being disinherited when their parent predeceases the testator. These statutes can also apply to trusts.

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Real-world examples

Here are a couple of examples of abatement:

Example 1: A grandmother leaves her estate to her daughter, but the daughter dies before the grandmother. Under an antilapse statute, the gift may pass to the daughter's children (the grandmother's grandchildren) instead of lapsing.

Example 2: A testator specifies that their estate should go to their brother. If the brother dies before the testator, the antilapse statute may allow the estate to go to the brother's children (hypothetical example).

State-by-state differences

State Antilapse Statute Details
California Antilapse statute applies to children and grandchildren of the testator.
New York Gifts to predeceased descendants pass to their issue unless the will states otherwise.
Texas Antilapse statute applies primarily to descendants of the testator.

This is not a complete list. State laws vary, and users should consult local rules for specific guidance.

Comparison with related terms

Term Definition Difference
Lapse The failure of a gift in a will when the beneficiary dies before the testator. Antilapse statutes prevent this outcome for certain relatives.
Pretermitted Heir A child or descendant who is not mentioned in a will. Antilapse statutes may protect pretermitted heirs by allowing them to inherit if a specified beneficiary dies.

What to do if this term applies to you

If you are creating a will or managing an estate, consider how an antilapse statute may affect your plans. Review your will to ensure your intentions are clear, especially regarding beneficiaries. If you need assistance, explore the legal form templates available through US Legal Forms for guidance. For complex situations, consulting a legal professional is advisable.

Quick facts

  • Jurisdiction: Varies by state
  • Typical beneficiaries: Relatives of the testator
  • Common application: Wills and trusts
  • Potential issues: Requires clear intent in the will

Key takeaways

Frequently asked questions

An antilapse statute is a law that allows gifts in a will to pass to a beneficiary's heirs if the beneficiary dies before the testator.